Design and simulation procedure of a 2D aircraft nozzle

Published on 28 May 2021. Written by Gurudutt

A nozzle is a relatively simple device, just a specially shaped tube through which hot gases flow. The purpose of the nozzle, in subsonic flow, is to constrict the airflow, thus critically increasing the thrust as it leaves the engine.

There are numerous varieties of nozzles to select from, such as two-dimensional (2D), axisymmetric, plug, ejector. Final nozzle concept selection should be based on the functional requirements of a particular program or vehicle. Each concept should be evaluated based on its merits as compared to the important program parameters.

ANSYS Workbench is a software environment for the execution of structural, thermal, and electromagnetic analyses. Focuses on geometry creation and optimization, attaching existing geometry, setting up the finite element model, resolving, and revising results.

Procedure:

Run ANSYS WORKBENCH.
Go to geometry-change to 2D properties.
In the tree outline select XY Plane.
Go to sketching- Select Polyline-Draw a nozzle on 1 axis randomly for 0 degrees.
Go to the constraints-select inlet of the nozzle and select vertical lines.
Select the axis of nozzle and select horizontal lines.
Go to dimensions- Give the required dimensions for inlet, outlet, axis, and wall.
Go to the concept- Select the surface.
In the tree outline-Select surface in the XY plane.
Go to base objects and apply the surface selected.
Now generate the geometry.
Go to the mesh option.
Right-click on mesh option- select insert-sizing.
In the detail of sizing select geometry and apply after selecting all the 4 edges of the nozzle.
Give a number of divisions as 100 and generate the mesh.
In-tree page- Select solver as Pressure based.
Select velocity formulation as Absolute.
Select time- Steady.
Select 2D space- Axisymmetric (only for 0degree).
Click on the model- Select viscous as K epsilon (2 eq) & press done.
Click on materials-Select Air as fluid and Aluminium as solid.
Click on cell zone conditions- Select operating conditions and see that operating pressure is 101325Pa.
Click on boundary conditions-Select inlet-velocity inlet- 100m/s.
Select outlet- outlet pressure (gauge pressure as 0 itself) and press done.
Click on reference value- Compute from the inlet.
Click on initialization- Select standard initialization and compute from the inlet and initialize.
Click on run calculation and calculate for 1000 iterations (till when the curve converges) and calculate.
Go to results- Insert contour
Go to geometry – For domain select all domains.
For location select periodic 1.
For variable select Velocity.
For Range select global and apply.
Result is displayed.
Go to Function calculator- In function select MassflowAve.
For location select outlet and calculate.
Now to calculate pressure, mass flow average of pressure on the outlet, velocity, force- Go to function and select respective functions.

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Design and simulation procedure of a 2D aircraft nozzle

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