Autonomous Navigation Robot

Published on 19 Apr 2022. Written by Vijay Kumar M

Robots are very attractive and involve interdisciplinary field with a wide of applications and research possibilities. The development of embedded systems, microcomputers and computers helped to bring an effective solution for developing this field. Now a days, the usage of robots increased in different fields like doing some indoor or outdoor activities: sports, agriculture, goods delivery, hospital services, military and defence, office and domestic purposes.

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In other words, we can call this robot a vision autonomous car prototype or autonomous guide robot.

Project Description

Raspberry Pi: It acts as the brain of the robot, which is a mini single-board computer can be programmed to perform the robot operations. It consists of 4 USB ports, 1 Ethernet port, wireless and Bluetooth connectivity. It performs well because of 1.2GHz quad-core ARM Cortex A53 and 1GB RAM.

Arduino Uno: It is an open source platform used for designing, developing, computing digital devices and conjoint objects that can detect and perform the operations. It is a microcontroller ATMega328P which consists of 14 digital I/O pins.

Buck Converter: It acts as power converter which helps to steps down voltage (while stepping up current) from its input supply to its output load.

Sensors: It is a module to detect or measures the changes in its surroundings and send the information to the microcontroller to perform certain operations in that regard. This project requires ultrasonic sensors and infrared sensors.

Motors: It is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Basically, this project requires DC motors for robot locomotion and servo motors for building a robot arm for clearing the obstacles.

Pi Camera: It is a camera module for a quality image sensor basically for mapping and monitoring the obstacles and tough situations.

Power Supply Circuit: It consists of Li-Po battery for power input to complete setup, DC motor drivers and sensors.

Functions of Robot

1. Senses variation in the environment by using Infrared sensor and Ultrasonic sensors controls the DC motor for locomotion like line follower robot
2. Image capturing, obstacle detection, 2D mapping, route planner and Navigation using Pi camera.
3. Catching, lifting and transporting obstacles to the required positions.

Conclusion

This robot has an electronic system designed around Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno interfaces meet some design requirements for development, being low-cost, highly reliable and extendable.

Software Required

1. Arduino IDE
2. Raspbian

Programming Language

1. Embedded C/C++
2. Python

Kit required to develop Autonomous Navigation Robot:

• Arduino
• DC motor

Technologies you will learn by working on Autonomous Navigation Robot:

• Arduino
• Robotics

Any Questions?