Latest Projects Based on Design

In the present era the technology in communications has developed to a very large extent. The communication industries have seen a tremendous increase in last few years which have resulted in installation of large number of towers to increase the coverage area and network consistency. In wireless communication network these towers play a significant role hence failure of such structure in a disaster is a major concern. Therefore utmost importance should be given in considering all possible extreme conditions for designing these towers.

About the project

Ever wondered how bicycle wheels rotate along with a fixed frame, how the windmill blades rotate on a fixed tower. The magic of degrees of freedom, kinematics constraints. Basic motions achieved by a bearing is an axial rotation, linear motion, spherical rotation, hinge motion.

As we all know (and some might have experienced) the energy and fascination any human gets whenever he comes across a high-speed racing, a good looking automobile or a car. Some dream to have a Lamborghini and some dream of a little scientific to own a Batmobile but ever dreamt to have an automobile which can transform itself into a humanoid bot?

About the project

As we all know that when the artificial power replaces the human effort and animal effort, the speed and time variables changed significantly. A mechanism was required to change the artificial power to mechanical or movement effort. The earliest demonstration which showed artificial power replacing the human effort was gunpowder engines in the 16th century, where the effort of living beings to pull water was replaced by engines.

The design and fabrication of a braking system is a difficult task. The application of brakes using vacuum in automobiles is a more difficult task in the initial stages of the work. But it has been successfully proved that such brake application is possible with the fail-safe condition. While implementing this idea on a heavy vehicle, it is better to replace the manually operated directional control valve with solenoid operated directional control valve to reduce driver effort and also it will work like a brake pedal switch. In this project, you will design and fabricate a vacuum braking system for a Train.

A Leaf spring is used in a four-wheel automobile vehicle as a part of the suspension system. These springs are generally made from steel, which adds a lot of weight to the vehicle leading to a decrease in the efficiency. In the case of lightweight vehicles, things become worse, as the weight of these spring is too heavy it leads to lower performance. In this project, you are going to solve this problem by designing a leaf spring in a solid modeling software and optimizing your design by varying the dimension and type of composite material so that weight will be reduced without compromising the effect needed from the spring.

In India, pumps are largely used in agriculture and Automobile sector. When it comes to oil pumps it holds 8% of the total market share which is around 700cr. So, having deep knowledge in this field makes an engineer employable. In this project, you are going to work on designing a Gerotor pump and optimizing it so that flow rate can be maximized and flow ripple can be minimized.

The socio-economic conditions of farmers living in villages of developing countries including India, human muscle power can be a good alternative to fulfill the energy requirements for performing many activities like water pumping. This work will eliminate the use of motor and engines to run the pump and it will use the energy which will not create any pollution. Pedaling is the most efficient way of utilizing power from human muscles. Keeping these things in mind you are going to build a pedal operated water pump.

To implement this project two single acting reciprocating pump is to be used. To supply continuous discharge, you have to connect two reciprocating pumps drive shaft. The drive shaft is powered by the foot pedals, using chain drive mechanism. The setup is built by using locally available materials to reduce the overall cost of the pump unit. Discharge of the pump is calculated theoretically as well as actually. The current work will be extended by using a hybrid mechanism to use both human power and other renewable energies.

Impact by moving trucks is the major leading cause of bridge failure or collapse in any country. As per AASHTO LRFD Guide specification, bridge piers should be designed by applying 400 kips static load and height of 4ft to improve impact resistance,

The buildings have a huge impact on the environment both directly and indirectly. It’s not only the materials used to construct a building that affects the environment. How it’s built to operate has a huge impact as well. Buildings also account for an average of 41% of the world’s energy use. Net-zero energy buildings are the best solution for both these major problems.

Wind is a random phenomenon because of the many flow situations arising from the interaction of wind with structures. The turbulence of strong winds in the lower levels of the atmosphere arises from interaction with surface features. An outcome of the turbulence is that dynamic loading on a structure depends on the size of eddies. Large eddies, comparable with the structure introduces correlated pressure as they envelope with the structure.

Global warming is leading to a rise in sea surface temperatures which led to an increase in sea levels. Many people live by the sea and are dependent on it for their livelihood.

Nowadays, the rate of increase in road traffic is very high. Especially in developing countries like India facing the problems of traffic due to bad junction design. This junction or intersection is not designed for today’s traffic so the congestion is taking place. This congestion of the traffic at the intersection is very crucial because the traffic performance at the intersection affects the traffic of the whole road map.

Bituminous Concrete is used in construction projects such as surfacing roads, parking yards, and so on. It comprises of asphalt (used as a binder) and mineral aggregate which is mixed together & placed down in layers and then compressed. In recent years, the regular increase in traffic volume, and changes in daily and seasonal temperature is making the pavements surfaces less durable.

Construction is a work that leads to environmental degradation that has resulted in global warming and climate change. A good example of degradation in construction work is the emission of carbon-di-oxide accounted as the 2^nd largest after electricity generation which is around about 930 million tons/year or approximately 7% of the total CO₂ emissions.

Around 110,00,000 new vehicles are been added to Indian roads every year. Due to this, about 3 crores of tyres are been discarded by the vehicle users every year and causing a potential threat to the environment.

The requirements of construction materials are increasing day by day due to the continued infrastructural growth. Because of this large quantity of waste is also generated every year. Waste generated from the aluminium industries like aluminium hydroxide and many more wastes are generated from the industries while processing the raw materials.

With the demand in the construction industry, the demand for interior design also grows and hence a need for interior design arises.

Nowadays shops use an LED matrix to display information. You may observe it in many places.  In this project, you will build an LED display in which the characters will move. You can use it for a different purpose. For example, a welcome sign in front of your house.

Concrete is thee majorly used material in the construction industry and it is also evident that it is one of the materials that are in the part of emitting the CO₂ into the atmosphere.

Over 40% of the road accidents that occur around the world, occur due to some issues related to brake failure. So, what can we do about this as engineers? As the number of vehicles on the road increase exponential, with every passing year, ensuring road safety becomes a principal concern. As engineers, we must create devices and concepts that will help to solve every-day problems. Brake failure is one such problem that hounds the automobile industry.

Have you ever wondered how an airplane flies so precisely to land at such specific spots? Or maybe how a ship never seems to get lost in the vast ocean? Navigation is an essential part of science. It is science that helps things reach particular destinations.

The Heart Attack Warning through Heart Rate Surveillance Program system helps to alert when a person is about to have a massive stroke. This device does that by monitoring the amount of heartbeat and alerts as soon as the rate of the heartbeat will not fall within a safety limit.

Fires are among the most prominent sources of accidental deaths. It is important to notify the fire brigade quickly to ensure immediate action. In such scenarios, every minute can save many lives.

Now here the project presents an IOT-based automatic fire protection warning system that notifies the fire brigade immediately and automatically and warns about the event in order to take further action.

Traffic lights help people to move properly in the junctions by stopping the route for one side and allowing the other. But most of the traffic lights have fixed time controller which makes the vehicles to stop for a long time during peak hours. Because of this, traffic congestion is increased during peak hours. Sometimes traffic police placed in the congestion areas to manage the traffic this shows the ineffectiveness of the system. While for smaller roads sensors are used to control the traffic autonomously.

In this VLSI design project, we will design an FPGA based traffic light controller system which reduces the waiting time of the drivers during peak hours. VHDL is used to design FPGA because with VHDL you can simulate the operation of digital circuits from an easy one to complex gates.

Nowadays, accidents in highways are increased due to the increase in the number of vehicles. To avoid collisions between vehicles the speed of the vehicle is reduced or the driver is alerted when it nears the preceding vehicle. In this VLSI design project, we will design a PID controller based on fuzzy logic using Very Highspeed Integration Circuit Hardware language for automobile’s cruising system. 

Nowadays, robots are used for various applications. From home to big industries robots are implemented to perform repetitive and difficult jobs. Robots are preferred over human workers because robots are machines which can able to work 24x7 without getting tired. Because of its wide range of applications some industries use multiple robots in the same place. In such a case, there might be a chance of collision between robots. To solve this problem we are going to propose a solution using RFID tags.

In this VLSI design project, we are going to develop an anti-collision robot processor which is combined with a smart algorithm to avoid crashes with other robots and physical objects using RFID. The algorithm is implemented in VHDL (VHSIC - HDL Very Highspeed Integrated Circuit - Hardware Description Language) and simulated using Xilinx simulation software.

Error Correction Codes (ECCs) recommends a delayed penalty in pervading the data as encoding or decoding has to be executed. ECCs are extensively used to conserve memory and to bypass data corruption. Due to hindering the use of ECCs in high-speed memories, it led to the use of Single Error Correction Double Error Detection (SECDED) codes. 

Multiple Cell Upsets (MCUs) becomes more familiar and restrict the use of SEC-DED codes unless they are joined with interleaving as technology scaled up. The biggest issue in memories is arising the errors which can be explained i.e. by radiation-induced soft errors that alter one or more memory cells, shift their values and other deficiencies cause permanent damage. 

Overview

Redundant basis (RB) multipliers over Galois Field (GF(2m)) have obtained tremendous popularities in elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) primarily because of their imperceptible hardware cost for squaring and modular devaluation. Multiply operations over a fixed field can be utilized to execute other operations i.e. division, exponentiation and inversion. Multiplication over Galois field can be enforced on a general-purpose machine but it is excessive to use GP machine to resolve cryptographic systems in cost-conscious products.

The need for hardware utilization of fixed range computation functions for the advantages like low cost and high throughput rate for the uttermost real-time applications. The prime of basis to exhibit field parameters namely the polynomial basis, normal basis, triangular basis and redundant basis (RB) has a dominant impact on the achievement of the arithmetic circuits and offer free squaring.

Overview- In the modern age of secured communication, the dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) is rising technology to launch the inventive transportation system and typically DSRC standards endorse the FM0 and Manchester codes to attain dc-balance and raising the signal reliability. For designing the restated VLSI architecture for FM0 and Manchester codes, the coding diversity has restricted the utility which established the correlation between both coding techniques.

ABSTRACT

This VLSI project shows the design, building and testing of an FM receiver. This system is divided into two parts the analogue FM modulator and digital demodulator. The main part of this work is to convert the RF signal into a frequency lower than the sample to a digital converter. The second part works as a phase loop method of demodulating FM signal.

In this VLSI project, we will discuss how an algorithm lock and track the objects. This algorithm is created to use the highly similar building and the speed of VLSI implementation of the cellular neural network universal machine. The algorithm has the ability to lock on the object and analyze the coordinates within the image. CNN chip-specific robust templates are produced in order to implement the method on a real CNN-UM chip. The tests and results of the study show that a CNN-UM chip which runs this procedure can be used in real-time tracking application which able to achieve good performance. In upcoming days the object tracking system becomes more important in use.

Current electronic systems which primarily consist of embedded circuitry focus on high-end application streams. It is prescribed for the productive utilization of computationally demanding digital signal processing (DSP) functions. For the digital signal processing (DSP) stream, hardware stimulation has been tested as an excessively auspicious implementation technique. The fusion of heterogeneity through functional hardware stimulators upgrades performance and decreases energy expenditure. 

As the multiple instantiated application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) are required to quicken several kernels, ASIC creates the optimal accelerator solution in charge of overall power and design performance and their obstinacy to expand silicon complexity. In the initial data-flow graph (DFG) of the kernels, soaring performance formative data paths have been visualized to precisely map primitive or linked operations. 

In a controlled evident template library, the templates of convoluted linked operations are either derived precisely from the kernel’s data flow graph. Design selections on the stimulator datapath hugely bump its efficiency. The utilization of architecture level expansions like enlarged instruction-level replicas has worked on obscene grained decomposable datapaths.

For obtaining a tailored design structure, the domain explicit architecture formation algorithms alter the type and number of estimation units. Handling of multiple ALUs with heterogeneous arithmetic appearances has adopted an intrusive operation which is the string to set up the computation of integrated subexpressions.

Overview: In any digital signal processing, image and video processing, wireless communication and biomedical signal processing systems, the Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter contains broad ranges of applications like Software Defined Radio (SDR) and manifold classic video codecs. A sanctioned finite impulse response (FIR) filter with emphatically acquirable filter coefficients, installation factors and spaces which may alter according to the stipulation of distinct standards in a compact computing scheme to verify it.

A powerful reformable FIR filter with momentous changes can trigger the system inventor to evolve the chip with minimal cost, power and area as well as the proficiency to engage at ultra-high speed. The multiplier is the leading constraint in any finite impulse response (FIR) filter which describes the enforcement of the aimed filter.

In materializing cryptographic systems, fixed field multipliers including huge throughput rank and least latency have attained enormous attention. According to National Institute Standard Technology (NIST) standards, the polynomials are not sufficient over GF (2m) in such multipliers. It utilizes elliptical curve cryptography (ECC) to execute direct additions and direct magnifying operations on an elliptical curve where fixed field multiplication upon GF (2m) is a normal field operation.

If an individual processing element (PE) has the identical circuit layout and one PE can cut the signals to its bordering PE at an immense speed on an entirely pipelined route, the systolic designs hand over area-time productive exertion due to modularity and consistency of their structures. It is dependent on exclusive polynomials where scientist Meher has represented productive bit-parallel systolic design for multiplication upon GF (2m). 

Digit serial multipliers dependent on polynomials are registered to attain area time resolution. Typically, all extending systolic multipliers as well as the bit-parallel and digit serial designs, having huge latency and deteriorate from definite more things as described below –

1. The structures which definitely contain giant resistor intricacy not alone for pipelining, but also for giving the wobbled intake to processing element to delay for the disburse acquired sectioned products are called as bit-parallel systolic structures.
2. The conditions applied on the structures which certainly expands with digit intensity or field regulation and it decreases throughput volume quite efficiently are the critical route of digit serial systolic designs.
3. Digit serial designs expand with digit intensity or field regulation irrespective of the impact of average computational time (ACT).

Overview: The filter characterization which brings a straightforward and impressive path to verify that an element exists to a set is called as Bloom filters. The application areas of these special filters can be a networking field and computer architectural design units. It is also utilized in huge databases like Google Bigtable utilizes it to decrease the disk scans. 

The classical structure of Bloom filters has been prolonged over the period of time like counting BFs have popularized to allow the elimination of elements from BFs. The derived compressed bloom filters (CBFs) has been recommended for advancing the transmission among the network. Freshly, the bloom filter codes have been scheduled for executing the error correction in huge data sets.

Bloom filters (BFs) can be enforced with the use of electronic devices in main cases. In tremendous memory cells, the recorded blocks of BFs can be reserved and the necessary processing is complete in the processor or in a devoted system. In a minimal speed memory cells, the required sets which are using to form the BFs have saved.

Nonetheless, the technology extents, the reliability of the electronic circuits has drastically decreased and created severe problems to implement it. Due to the technology scaling, error appearance by internal radiations, inferences and other holdings are becoming very normal. Then, the moderation techniques are utilized at distinct stages to confirm that the required circuitry is approaching reliability in quick succession. Memories are the demanding parameter for Bloom filters (BFs) exertion.

In the modern era of integrated circuit (IC) technology, multicore chip architectures need no insignificant test results introduced by the ruthless diminish of semiconductor devices which work as much faster and lower power consumption than ancient predecessors. This progression has inclined upwards to the spreading demand of SoC designs over their capability to enclose several diverse kinds of convoluted IP cores proceeding at distinct clock rates with distinctive power stimulations and numerous power-supply voltage stages.

It is obliged to cover test access mechanisms (TAM) and test capsules for several SoC dependent test patterns derived to employ devoted instruments. Test access mechanisms (TAMs) are generally used for the relocation of experimental data between the structure on-chip cores and embedded cores. As soon as the functions of upgrade test interface design or control logic, the results of both TAMs and test wrappers have been completed while consigning routing and layout restraints or grouping of cores.

Overview: Microelectronics processor can execute various operations but the most prioritised operation is binary addition. For implementing digital logic in synchronous circuitry, several types of adders have been formed that even correspond to the vigorous interest in asynchronous or clockless circuits. There are no needs for time quantization processes in asynchronous circuits.

As logic designs are independent of various issues of synchronous or clocked circuits, they provide huge capability under it. Through a request-acknowledgement handshaking protocol, logic design charts in asynchronous circuits are restrained to develop a pipeline mechanism in the hooky of clocks. As long as the bit adders are extravagant, it is useful for minor elements in definite handshaking blocks.

Latest Projects based on design